Sayyadi Abdullahi

Tattalin arzikin Vietnam shi ne na 44 mafi girma a duniya kuma tun tsakiyar shekarun 1980 Vietnam ta yi gagarumin sauyi daga tsarin tattalin arziƙin ba da umarni na tsakiya tare da tallafi daga tattalin arzikin tushen kasuwa.

Ba abin mamaki bane, ita ma tana daya daga cikin mafi saurin bunkasuwar tattalin arzikin duniya, tare da yuwuwar karuwar GDP na shekara-shekara da kusan kashi 5.1%, wanda zai sanya tattalin arzikinta ya zama na 20 mafi girma a duniya nan da shekarar 2050.

Bayan da ya fadi haka, maganar da ta fi daukar hankali a duniya ita ce, kasar Vietnam na shirin zama daya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin kere-kere da ke da yuwuwar kwace kasar Sin da ci gaban tattalin arzikinta.

Musamman ma, Vietnam tana tasowa a matsayin cibiyar masana'antu a yankin, galibi ga sassa kamar su tufafi da takalmi da na lantarki.

A daya hannun kuma, tun cikin shekarun 80s, kasar Sin ta kasance cibiyar masana'antu ta duniya tare da dimbin albarkatun kasa, da ma'aikata, da karfin masana'antu.An ba da fifikon ci gaban masana'antu inda masana'antun kera injina da masana'antar ƙarfe suka sami fifiko mafi girma.

Tare da alakar da ke tsakanin Washington da Beijing cikin raguwa, makomar sarkar samar da kayayyaki ta duniya tana da tabbas.Duk da sakwannin da ba a iya tantancewa a fadar White House na ci gaba da tayar da tambayoyi game da alkiblar manufofin cinikayyar Amurka, har yanzu harajin yakin cinikayya yana ci gaba da aiki.

A halin da ake ciki kuma, rugujewar kudurin dokar tsaron kasa ta Beijing, wadda ke yin barazana ga tauye 'yancin cin gashin kai na Hong Kong, na kara yin barazana ga yarjejeniyar kasuwanci da ke tsakanin kasashen biyu.Idan ba a ma maganar hauhawar farashin ma'aikata yana nufin kasar Sin za ta bi sahun masana'antu masu inganci masu karamin karfi.

Wannan rashin ƙarfi, wanda aka haɗe tare da tseren don samar da kayan aikin likita da haɓaka rigakafin COVID-19, yana haifar da sake kimanta sarƙoƙin samar da kayayyaki na lokaci-lokaci wanda ke ba da damar inganci sama da komai.

A lokaci guda, mu'amalar COVID-19 da kasar Sin ta yi ya haifar da tambayoyi da yawa a tsakanin kasashen yammacin duniya.Ganin cewa, Vietnam tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen farko don sauƙaƙe matakan nisantar da jama'a tare da sake buɗe al'ummarta tun daga Afrilu 2020, inda yawancin ƙasashe ke fara tinkarar tsananin da yaduwar COVID-19.

Duniya ta yi mamakin nasarar Vietnam yayin wannan cutar ta COVID-19.

Hasashen Vietnam a matsayin cibiyar masana'antu

Dangane da wannan yanayin da ke kunno kai a duniya, haɓakar tattalin arzikin Asiya - Vietnam - yana shirin zama cibiyar masana'antu ta gaba.

Vietnam ta zama ɗan takara mai ƙarfi don ɗaukar babban kaso a duniya bayan COVID-19.

A cewar Kididdigar Reshoring na Kearney na Amurka, wacce ta kwatanta kayan da ake samarwa na Amurka da kayayyakin da ake shigo da su daga kasashen Asiya 14, ya kai matsayi mafi girma a shekarar 2019, sakamakon raguwar shigo da kayayyaki na kasar Sin da kashi 17%.

Cibiyar Kasuwancin Amurka da ke Kudancin China ta kuma gano cewa kashi 64 cikin 100 na kamfanonin Amurka da ke kudancin kasar suna tunanin matsar da kayayyakin da ake nomawa zuwa wani wuri, a cewar wani rahoto na Medium.

Tattalin arzikin Vietnam ya karu da kashi 8% a cikin 2019, tare da taimakon hauhawar fitar da kaya.Hakanan ana shirin haɓaka da 1.5% a wannan shekara.

Hasashen Bankin Duniya a cikin mummunan yanayin COVID-19 cewa GDP na Vietnam zai ragu zuwa 1.5% a wannan shekara, wanda ya fi yawancin makwabtan Kudancin Asiya.

Bayan haka, tare da haɗin gwiwar aiki tuƙuru, alamar ƙasa, da ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau na saka hannun jari, Vietnam ta jawo hankalin kamfanoni / saka hannun jari na ƙasashen waje, yana ba masana'antun damar shiga yankin ciniki cikin 'yanci na ASEAN da yarjejeniyar kasuwanci mai fifiko tare da ƙasashe a duk faɗin Asiya da Tarayyar Turai, da kuma Amurka.

Idan ba a manta ba, a cikin 'yan kwanakin nan kasar ta karfafa samar da kayan aikin likitanci tare da ba da gudummawar da ta danganci COVID-19 ga kasashen da abin ya shafa, da kuma Amurka, Rasha, Spain, Italiya, Faransa, Jamus, da Burtaniya.

Wani muhimmin sabon ci gaba shi ne yuwuwar samar da kamfanonin Amurka da yawa daga China zuwa Vietnam.Kuma bangaren Vietnam na kayayyakin da Amurka ke shigowa da su ya samu riba yayin da bangaren kasar Sin a kasuwa ke zubewa - kasar har ma ta zarce kasar Sin kuma ta kasance kan gaba wajen samar da tufafi ga Amurka a watan Maris da Afrilu na wannan shekara.

Bayanai na cinikin hajar Amurka na 2019 suna nuna wannan yanayin, gabaɗayan fitar da Vietnam zuwa Amurka ya karu da kashi 35%, ko kuma dala biliyan 17.5.

A cikin shekaru 20 da suka wuce, kasar tana samun sauye-sauye sosai don samar da masana'antu da dama.Vietnam ta kasance tana kawar da tattalin arzikinta na noma mafi yawa don haɓaka mafi tushen kasuwa da tattalin arzikin masana'antu.

Bottleneck's don shawo kan

Amma akwai matsaloli da dama da za a magance idan kasar na son kafada da kasar Sin.

Misali, yanayin masana'antar masana'antar masana'antu mai arha ta Vietnam yana haifar da wata barazana mai yuwuwa - idan kasar ba ta tashi cikin sarkar darajar ba, sauran kasashe na yankin kamar Bangladesh, Thailand ko Cambodia suma suna samar da ma'aikata mai rahusa.

Bugu da ƙari, tare da yunƙurin gwamnati na kawo ƙarin saka hannun jari a masana'antar hi-tech da kayayyakin more rayuwa don daidaitawa tare da sarkar samar da kayayyaki ta duniya, ƙayyadaddun kamfani na ƙasa da ƙasa (MNCs) ne kaɗai ke da ƙarancin ayyukan bincike da haɓaka (R&D) a Vietnam.

Cutar ta COVID-19 ta kuma fallasa cewa Vietnam ta dogara sosai kan shigo da albarkatun kasa kuma tana taka rawar kere-kere da harhada kayayyaki don fitarwa.Idan ba tare da wata babbar masana'antar haɗin gwiwa ta baya ba, zai zama mafarki mai ban sha'awa don aiwatar da wannan girma na samarwa kamar Sin.

Baya ga waɗannan, wasu ƙuntatawa sun haɗa da girman wurin aiki, samun damar ƙwararrun ma'aikata, ikon ɗaukar kwararar kwatsam cikin buƙatar samarwa, da ƙari mai yawa.

Wani fage mai mahimmanci shine ƙananan masana'antu, kanana da matsakaitan masana'antu (MSMEs) na Vietnam - wanda ya ƙunshi kashi 93.7% na jimlar kasuwancin - an taƙaita su zuwa ƙananan kasuwanni kuma ba sa iya faɗaɗa ayyukansu zuwa ga masu sauraro.Sanya shi babban abin sha'awa a lokutan wahala, kamar cutar ta COVID-19.

Don haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci 'yan kasuwa su dauki mataki na baya-baya, su sake yin la'akari da dabarun da za su bi - ganin cewa har yanzu kasar tana da nisan mil da yawa da za ta iya kaiwa ga matakin kasar Sin, zai zama mafi ma'ana a je neman 'Sin-Plus-one'. dabara maimakon?